Okay - stand corrected on the use of kosher salt in keeping food kosher -- maintain my ground on the iodine issues (learned the pickling one the hard way, when I used salt with iodine and turned my pickled garlic blue; living the thyroid one right now with a dear friend).
The "kosher" in "kosher salt" relates to, and originated from, its use in the process of koshering meat. The canister of Morton table salt in my pantry is also kosher as is the French sea salt.
ChefOno has this one right. Kosher salt doesn't have to be blessed by a rabbi. It's use is in the process of koshering. And it is a mined salt as opposed to a harvested sea salt. Personally I think the latter tastes better but they are interchangeable in most kitchen uses.
The other thing to keep in mind is iodine -- both table salt and sea salt contain it; kosher salt usually doesn't. So if your recipe calls for kosher salt due to an iodine restriction (common for folks prior to some specific testing related to thyroid cancer) DON'T substitute. Iodine is also a problem in pickling/canning (it can discolor the results), so if the recipe is for pickling/canning, use ONLY kosher salt or pickling salt. And, of course, if the purpose is to keep the recipe kosher, then use kosher salt.
If none of the above applies, go ahead and substitute.
You can use one for the other but if you are using Kosher insead of sea salt or regular sal, use almost twice as much. If you are using sea salt use same amount as table salt. If you are using sea salt instead of koher salt cut it in 1/2 or your dish will be too salty, they don't measure the same.
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Isn't Morton 1.5 to 1 or something? Don't use it myself, I much prefer the larger crystals.
Iodine can also be an issue to those of us who can taste it in the salt.
The "kosher" in "kosher salt" relates to, and originated from, its use in the process of koshering meat. The canister of Morton table salt in my pantry is also kosher as is the French sea salt.
Just this one??? ;-)
If none of the above applies, go ahead and substitute.
Hope that helps!
Here's a link I found explaining the differences: http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes-and-cooking/kosher-vs-table-vs-sea-salts/index.html