As already mentioned, just leave the nuts out! It will be just as delicious, though the consistency will be slightly different than what you're used to in a traditional pesto. If you want to thicken it up you could add some cheese, or not ...
Soy nuts (roasted soybeans) might also work as a substitute, although I don't know if they would immediately get mushy after being blended into a pesto.
A traditional Pistou sauce from southern France, next door to Liguria (home of Pesto) is essentially pesto minus the pine nuts, and usually the cheese (like Patricia Wells') - though I've had it with cheese as well. It's delicious. I don't think you need to sub anything.
Just leave the nuts out. I make Patricia Well's Light Basil Sauce which is basil, garlic, olive oil and salt. It's delicious and I don't even miss the nuts.
You can just leave them out, but did you know they are actually a seed and not a tree nut? Obviously check with your own sources, but many people allergic to nuts are not affected by seeds.
You can try using toasted bread crumbs. I also use pumpkin seeds, but you will want to find out more about pumpkin and or sunflower seeds as an non-allergen alternative to nuts.
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Pine nuts are traditional in pesto.
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