Skillet with enamel base and cast iron surface

Le Creuset makes skillets that are smooth enameled on the exterior but have a black, rough enamel interior much akin to unfinished cast iron. Those might fit what you're looking for, but if you're careful with any pans you have, it shouldn't be a worry.

Enamel can scratch glass, too. Any metal might scratch at some point. Secret is to carefully lift your pan whenever you want to move it. And keep the glass as clean as you can. Enamel won't guarantee you won't damage your new cooktop... I know, I had an enamel kettle run dry on a glass top stove and the kettle enamel melted and fused to the glass top. In my haste, I tried to lift it and took a perfect burner-size circle of the cooktop with the kettle. ugh!

Cast iron does just fine on a glass-top stove.